[[alternative]]Language and Sports Value in Hakka People

[[abstract]]本研究旨在探討客家族群語言使用型態與運動價值觀之關係。研究假說有二：一、客語使用頻率較高者，其運動價值觀量表得分較高。二、年齡較長者及教育程度較高者，其運動價值觀量表得分較高。本研究以台北市、新北市、桃園市、新竹縣之客家族群為主要取樣調查對象。本研究採立意和隨機取樣方式進行調查，預試日期為2016年10月至12月，預試問卷共發出169份，有效問卷為166份。此運動價值觀預試量表，經 Cronbach’s α和探索性因素分析 (exploratory factor analysis, EFA) 分別檢驗其信度和效度後，確認量表可分為生命價值、能力價值、自控價值、當下價值等四個面向。正式量表收案日期為2017年4月至5月，問卷發放560份，其中有效問卷為482份。以 IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0 統計套裝軟體進行資料分析，透過獨立樣本 t 檢定比較客語使用頻率高低組之運動價值觀得分，發現高頻率組 (40%以上語言使用率) 之生命價值、能力價值、當下價值等三個面向之得分，皆顯著高於低頻率組之得分。在年齡因子方面，以單因子變異數分析年齡大小對運動價值觀之影響，發現65歲以上年長者在生命價值和能力價值二個面向之得分，顯著高於15歲以下者。在教育程度方面，發現教育程度在研究所或高中高職以上者之生命價值，其得分皆較國小學歷者為高。本研究之具體結論為：1.客語使用頻率較高者，其運動價值觀得分較高。2.年齡較長者，其生命價值和能力價值之運動價值觀得分較高。3.教育程度較高者，其生命價值之運動價值觀得分較高。關鍵詞：客家族群、運動價值觀、探索性因素分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析 [[abstract]]This study aims to explore the relationship between the language and sports value in Hakka people. The research hypotheses included 1) using more Hakka language would have higher scores in the sports value questionnaire, and 2) the elders and people with higher education levels would have higher scores in the sports value questionnaire. The purposive and random sampling was applied on the Hakka people in Taipei City, Xinbei City, Taoyuan City, and Hsinchu County. The 169 pre-trial questionnaires were collected from October to December 2016, with 166 effective samples. The Cronbach’s α and the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were respectively used to test the reliability and validity of the sports value questionnaire (SVQ). Thus 4 aspects were confirmed: life value, ability value, self-control value, and immediate value. The formal SVQ collecting took place from April to May 2017, and of 560 samples, 482 were effective.Using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0, the independent sample t-test was applied to examine the SVQ scores of the high (above 40% Hakka languages-using) and low frequency groups. It was found that the life value, ability value, and immediate value scores of the high frequency group were significantly higher than those of the low frequency group. The second finding by one-way analysis of variance was that the elders (above 65 years old) showed higher life value and ability value, compared with the younger (below 15 years old) group. About the education levels, the life value scores of the graduate school level were significantly higher than those of the elementary school level.We conclude that 1) using more Hakka language gains higher scores in the SVQ, and 2) the elders and people with higher education levels have higher scores in SVQ.Keywords: Hakka people, sports value, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA