[[alternative]]Effect of Chan-Meditation and Meditative Movement on Ryodoraku Values and Heart Rate Variability in Middle-Aged and Elderly Males

[[abstract]]背景：禪坐及動禪隨著鍛鍊深度可產生自發性的療癒能力，並提升副交感神經活性及緩解疲勞、焦慮和抑鬱症等症狀，藉由科學研究了解禪坐與動禪對中老年人良導絡生物能量與心率變異的效益。目的：探討禪坐與動禪對男性中老年人良導絡及心率變異之影響。方法：以禪坐、動禪一年以上及未修相關活動者為受測對象(禪坐組15名、動禪組15名、控制組11名)，收案條件為40-70歲男性，測量良導絡與心率變異在實驗介入前、中、後之變化，使用單因子變異數分析、二因子變異數分析及費雪事後檢定。顯著水準設α=.05。結果：良導絡方面，動禪組上肢生物能量(前測：56.08±12.53、後測：59.02±11.41)與總平均生物能量值(前測：56.95±11.69、後測：57.97±11.37)皆大於禪坐組，禪坐組總平均生物能量(前測：47.44±14.77、後測：42.39±12.85)下降，而上/下比值(前測：0.88±0.22、後測：0.91±0.34)顯示上升，控制組良導絡指標則皆顯著(p<.05)下降。心率變異指標方面，禪坐組之高/低頻比值(前測：2.86±3.96、後測：3.03±3.01)、低頻功率(前測：492.17±477.62、後測：742.31±761.41)與總功率(前測：1533.25±1361.76、後測：2292.35±2485.11)顯示上升，動禪組除了高/低頻比值(前測：4.41±4.26、後測：6.4±4.61)外，其他指標皆顯示下降。結論：過去研究顯示禪坐為提升副交感神經(高頻功率)方法，本研究結果顯示禪坐具增加自律神經系統活性(低頻功率、總功率)的能力，故禪坐風格看似相似，但放鬆與專注覺醒的禪坐，卻會產生生理上不同反應模式，未來研究應將有所區隔。而在動禪中隨著不同檢測階段，交感與副交感神經高低呈現交錯模式，代表短期效應可達刺激交感神經與副交感神經交互調節的能力；此外，研究亦發現控制組整體自律神經運作能力下降的狀態，顯示長時間安靜休息可能會導致個體生精神渙散及委靡不振的狀況。[[abstract]]Background: With the prtice of meditation and meditative movement, our body's production of self-healing power and some studies show that it can increase the parasympathetic, good for fatigue, anxiety and depression. Through the scientific research to know that can offer health benefits of Ryodoraku and heart rate variability for middle-aged and elderly males. Purpos: The study was to explore the effect of Chan-meditation and meditative movement on Ryodoraku and heart rate variability in middle-aged and elderly males. Methods: Participants (age 40-70 years) were at least more than one year experienced in Chan-meditation and meditative movement practice (n=30), control group (CG) was no related experience in practice (n=11). Measured Ryodoraku and heart rate variability were compared to the previous, intervention and post. All the data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA and Scheffé method. The significance level was set at α=.05. Results: In Ryodoraku this part, the average of upper limb bio-energy (pre: 56.08 ± 12.53, post: 59.02 ± 11.41) and Ryodoraku bio-energy (pre: 56.95 ± 11.69, post: 57.97 ± 11.37) in meditative movement group (MM) was bigger than the Chan-meditation group (CM). Average of Ryodoraku bio-energy in CM (pre: 47.44 ± 14.77, post: 42.39 ± 12.85) was decreased and “upper limb and lower limb ratio” (pre: 0.88 ± 0.22, post: 0.91 ± 0.34) was increased after intervention Chan-meditation. All of Ryodoraku values in control group (CG) were decreased significantly (p<.05). The part of heart rate variability values, HF/LF (pre: 2.86 ± 3.96, post: 3.03 ± 3.01)、LF (pre: 492.17 ± 477.62, post: 742.31 ± 761.41) and power (pre: 1533.25 ± 1361.76, post: 2292.35 ± 2485.11) in CM were increased, and except HF/LF (pre: 4.41 ± 4.26, post: 6.4 ± 4.61) the other values in MM were decreased. Conclusion: Some studies show that meditation is able to increase parasympathetic nervous(HF), but in this study found that Chan-meditation can increase the activity of the autonomic nervous system(LF and power), albeit highly similar activity between meditation(relaxation) and Chan-meditation(arousal), but it’s difference of physiological response. Thus, we suggest that appropriately distinguish the various practices from different meditations. In addition, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves present a staggered pattern in different stages of MM. On the other word, meditative movement can be used to stimulate and regulate the autonomic nervous system. Moreover, the autonomic nervous system was decreased in CG that showed rest for a long time leads to distractibility and depressed