A survey has been carried out on 100 wineries in the "Oltrepo Pavese" area in order to correlate effluent flow rates and composition to the working period (vintage, racking, bottling), to the production methods and to the size of the winery. Aeobic treatment has been tested on a full scale activated sludge plant (210 m3) fed on the effluents of a winery which produces 2000 m3 of red wine yearly. The reduction of pollutants in the wastewaters was of the order of 98 %. Anaerobic treatment has been investigated in laboratory digesters (hybrid reactor and anaerobic filter). The digester used by the Dep. DIIAR of the Politecnico of Milan was a 50 litters upflow reactor filled Flocor R carrier in the upper 25 l and with 10 litters of granular slu...