Evaluation of the antiviral response to zanamivir administered intravenously for treatment of critically ill patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection
- Fraaij, P. L. A.
- van der Vries, E.
- Beersma, M. F. C.
- Riezebos-Brilman, A.
- Niesters, H. G. M.
- van der Eijk, A. A.
- de Jong, M. D.
- Reis Miranda, D.
- Horrevorts, A. M.
- Ridwan, B. U.
- Wolfhagen, M. J. H. M.
- Houmes, R. J.
- van Dissel, J. T.
- Fouchier, R. A. M.
- Kroes, A. C. M.
- Koopmans, M. P.
- Osterhaus, A. D. M. E.
- Boucher, C. A. B.
DOIAbstract
A retrospective nationwide study on the use of intravenous (IV) zanamivir in patients receiving intensive care who were pretreated with oseltamivir in the Netherlands was performed. In 6 of 13 patients with a sustained reduction of the viral load, the median time to start IV zanamivir was 9 days (range, 4-11 days) compared with 14 days (range, 6-21 days) in 7 patients without viral load reduction (P = .052). Viral load response did not influence mortality. We conclude that IV zanamivir as late add-on therapy has limited effectiveness. The effect of an immediate start with IV zanamivir monotherapy or in combination with other drugs need to be evaluate
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