Potential uses of ultrasound in the dairy ultrafiltration processes

There has been a growing interest in the industrial application of ultrasound, especially in the food industry. Power ultrasound can have a number of physical effects; it can increase turbulence through both the introduction of vibrational energy and through acoustic streaming, it can cause both particle agglomeration and particle dispersion and clean surfaces with a scouring action. Our work in this area has focused on the use of ultrasound to enhance membrane processing. Low frequency ultrasound has been used to facilitate cross flow ultrafiltration of dairy whey solutions for both during the ultrafiltration production cycle and the cleaning cycle. During the production cycle, the use of ultrasound reduces both pore blockage and the specific resistance of the fouling cake layer. This leads to higher flux rates and the potential for longer production cycles. During the cleaning cycle, ultrasound systematically increases cleaning efficiency, thus has the potential to reduce both total chemical consumption and system downtime. There was no deterioration in cleaning effectiveness or membrane condition which imples that sonication , has not damaged the membrane itself. Similarly, there was no change in the chemical nature of soluble proteins following sonication