Program, agency and effect sustainability in health promotion

ISSUE ADDRESSED: Achieving sustainability is often considered a key objective of health promotion efforts despite a lack of consensus as to what sustainability is.MATERIAL: A review of the international health promotion literature was conducted to identify understandings of sustainability in health promotion.RESULTS:Three distinct understandings of sustainability in respect of programs, health promotion agencies and program effects were identified.CONCLUSIONS: Despite a strong emphasis on program sustainability in the health promotion field, clear criteria for why programs should be continued is required rather than assuming that it is the best option. Arguably more important than the maintenance of either programs or the agencies which support them is the ability to produce sustainable program effects.