SPECT imaging of D2 dopamine receptors and endogenous dopamine release in mice

Purpose: The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) is important in the mediation of addiction. [123I]iodobenzamide (IBZM), a SPECT ligand for the D2R, has been used for in vivo studies of D2R availability in humans, monkeys, and rats. Although mouse models are important in the study of addiction, [123I]IBZM has not been used in mice SPECT studies. This study evaluates the use of [123I]IBZM for measuring D2R availability in mice. Methods: Pharmacokinetics of [123I]IBZM in mice were studied with pinhole SPECT imaging after intravenous (i.v.) injection of [123I]IBZM (20, 40, and 70 MBq). In addition, the ability to measure the release of endogenous dopamine after amphetamine administration with [123I]IBZM SPECT was investigated. Thirdly, i.v. administration, the standard route of administration, and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of [123I]IBZM were compared. Results: Specific binding of [123I]IBZM within the mouse striatum could be clearly visualized with SPECT. Peak specific striatal binding ratios were reached around 90 min post-injection. After amphetamine administration, the specific binding ratios of [123I]IBZM decreased significantly (?27.2%; n=6; p=0.046). Intravenous administration of [123I]IBZM led to significantly higher specific binding than i.p. administration of the same dose. However, we found that i.v. administration of a dose of 70 MBq [123I]IBZM might result in acute ethanol intoxication because ethanol is used as a preparative aid for the routine production of [123I] IBZM. Conclusions: Imaging of D2R availability and endogenous dopamine release in mice is feasible using [123I]IBZM single pinhole SPECT. Using commercially produced [123I] IBZM, a dose of 40 MBq injected i.v. can be recommended.Radiation, Radionuclides and ReactorsApplied Science