[[alternative]]The Population Genetic Structrue of Sphenomorphus taiwanensis

[[abstract]]Sphenomorphus taiwanensis is an endemic species of Taiwan. It was distributed above 2000 m attitude. Currently, most phylogeographic studies focused on lower attitude species. To high attitude species,living in high mountains was like living in an isolation island. The geological isolation may influence the population genetic structure of S. taiwanensis. Cytochrome b (Cyt b) and cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COX1) were used as genetic markers to analysis the phylogeography of S. taiwanensis. The partial sequences were determined in 89 individuals. 56 and 48 haplotype were identified. The maximum pairwise genetic distance between individuals within population was 10.6% (Cyt b) and 10.4% (COX1). The maximum pairwise genetic distances between individuals between populations were 16.6% (Cyt b) and 11.2% (COX1). The mean pairwise genetic distance within population were 0.4~9.8% (Cyt b) and 0~5.7% (COX1). The mean pairwise genetic distance between populaitons were 3.2~13.9% (Cyt b) and 1.6~10.4% (COX1). We found that the intraspecies genetic variation of S. taiwanensis was larger than other species. The gene flow index indicated that the gene flows among populations were hindered. It indicated that the differentiation level among populations was high, but was not consistent with isolation by distance model. We found the gene flows between Hsuehshan population and other populations were hindered. We thought Hsuehshan population was an special isolation population. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum parsimony (MP) methods using S. incognitus and S. indicus as the outgroups indicated that S. taiwanensis can be separated into nine major lineages with high bootstrap value. Some lineages were allopatric, others were sympatric. The lineages’ distribution was not consistent with the geological distribution of populations. Some populations only had one lineage, included Hsuehshan, Tahsuehshan, Hohuanshan, Alishan, Yakou population. Kuanwu and Taipingshan population had two lineages, Tatachia population had three lineages, and Nanhu population had four lineages. The genetic diversity of Nanhu population was very high. The reason of that there were high intraspecies genetic variation of S. taiwanensis may be multiple invasion or refuge effect or radiation evolution.