Design and testing of measuring line for studies of ultrasonic cavitation

Kavitacija je hidrodinamični pojav, pri katerem se zaradi krajevnega padca tlaka začnejo pojavljati mehurčki. Pojav kavitacije je v večini primerov nezaželen, obstajajo pa tudi procesi, ki jih prisotnost kavitacije izboljša. En izmed teh procesov je priprava oljno-vodnih emulzij s pomočjo ultrazvočne kavitacije. Fizikalno ozadje tega procesa je slabo raziskano, zato je bila v okviru diplomske naloge zasnovana in izdelana merilna proga za vizualno opazovanje procesa. Delovanje merilne proge smo preizkusili z merjenjem dinamičnega tlaka s hidrofonom, ki ga generira ultrazvočni generator. Proces nastajanja emulzije smo opazovali s pomočjo vizualizacije s hitro kamero in sicer na nivoju ločenih faz olja in vode ter na nivoju osamljene kapljice olja v vodi.Cavitation is a hydrodynamic phenomenon at which bubbles appear as a result of a local drop of pressure. The occurrence of cavitation is in most cases unwanted, but there are also processes that improve with its presence. One of this processes is the preparation of oil-water emulsions with ultrasonic cavitation. The physical background of this process is unknown, therefore dour thesis focuses on the design and development of a measuring line for visual observation of the process. The functionality of the measuring line was tested by measuring the dynamic pressure generated by the ultrasonic generator, with the use of hydrophone. The process of emulsion formation was monitored through visualization with a high speed camera on the level of separate phases of oil and water and on the level of a single droplet of oil in water