Structural analysis of the Rhizoctoniasolani agglutinin reveals a domain-swapping dimeric assembly

Rhizoctoniasolani agglutinin (RSA) is a 15.5-kDa lectin accumulated in the mycelium and sclerotia of the soil born plant pathogenic fungus R.solani. Although it is considered to serve as a storage protein and is implicated in fungal insecticidal activity, its physiological role remains unclear as a result of a lack of any structure/function relationship information. Glycan arrays showed that RSA displays high selectivity towards terminal nonreducing N-acetylgalactosamine residues. We determined the amino acid sequence of RSA and also determined the crystal structures of the free form and the RSAN-acetylgalactosamine complex at 1.6 and 2.2 angstrom resolution, respectively. RSA is a homodimer comprised of two monomers adopting the -trefoil fold. Each monomer accommodates two different carbohydrate-binding sites in an asymmetric way. Despite RSA topology similarities with R-type lectins, the two-monomer assembly involves an N-terminal swap, thus creating a dimer association novel to R-type lectins. Structural characterization of the two carbohydrate-binding sites offers insights on the structural determinants of the RSA carbohydrate specificity. Database Structural data have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank database under accession numbers 4G9M and 4G9N. Structured digital abstract RSA and RSA bind by x-ray crystallography (View interaction