International audienceAfter ten years of implementation of the development plan of the Parc de la Bénoué and the continued immigration of new farmers and herders, what were the evolutions of the territories and the power relations between, on the one hand, indigenous and non-natural users of natural resources, and, on the other hand, biodiversity conservation agents? The land issues revealed by the zoning of the national park in the context of exponential population growth lead to new alliances, notably with the previously marginalized traditional authorities, which reaffirm their territorial rights in the process of nature patrimonialization. We show how the local strategies at work are in keeping with the old cultural model of each of the...