Mathematical competencies as perceived by engineering students, lecturers, and practicing engineers

Mathematical competencies (MCs) are essential for engineering students to be competent and qualified engineers after graduation. The term mathematical competence refers to the ability to understand, judge, do and use mathematical concepts in relevant contexts and situations, which is the predominant goal of mathematical education for engineers. This paper will discuss the required MCs of engineers at the workplace as compared to acquired MCs of engineering undergraduates and also the difference in expectation of engineering lecturers from engineering students at graduation. A qualitative approach was used to investigate the required, acquired and expected mathematical competencies as well as the mismatch between these competencies. Semi structured interviews were carried out to collect data from 20 engineers, 41 engineering students and 4 engineering lecturers. The findings indicated that there were differences between the perceptions of acquired and the required MCs. The results showed that there is a need to review the focus of engineering mathematics curriculum to prospective engineers taking into account the attainment of mathematical competencies. These competencies need to be included as explicit learning outcomes in addition to the development of mathematical concepts, aptitude and skills