Implementasi Kebijakan Konservasi Energi di Indonesia

Energy conservation is a pillar of the national energy management that has not received serious attention in Indonesia. Energy management in Indonesia prioritize on how to provide energy or expanding access to energy to the community. It required a shift of energy conservation paradigm from supply-side management towards demanad side management that focuses on energy conservation in the user sector. Nowadays, with the depletion of fossil fuel reserves on the one hand, while on the other hand consumption of energy is increasing becoming a threat to the development of the Indonesian economy. Therefore, the Indonesian government issued a mandatory policy of energy management through the creation of PP. 70 Year 2009 on Energy Conservation in 2009. But since the policy is implemented, Indonesia's energy intensity has increased. This study aims to describe the implementation of energy conservation policies in Indonesia based on the main factors affecting the implementation of energy conservation policies. These factors are eight factors, namely economic growth, population, energy prices, environment, communications, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure that is derived from the Edwards model, and model of van Meter and van Horn. This study shows that 19 indicators are a positive influence in the implementation of energy conservation policies in Indonesia, and 20 indicators are negative influence in the implementation of energy conservation policies in Indonesia. The factors that affect` on the successful implementation of energy conservation policy are disposition, environment, communications, and bureaucratic structure, While the factors that affect on the failure of energy conservation policy implementation are a energy prices, economic growth, and population. Factor of resource is neutral in the implementation of energy conservation policy