The carrier-multipath observable: a new carrier-phase multipath mitigation technique

Modeling and mitigating carrier-phase multi- path errors continue to be a significant challenge for high- accuracy positioning using global navigation satellite sys- tems. The multipath error is dependent on the operational environment and therefore cannot be mitigated by differ- encing techniques. The effect of multipath is accentuated when observables based on linear combinations of mea- surements from two or more frequencies are formulated. We develop a new carrier-phase multipath error observable that isolates the inter-frequency carrier-phase multipath error for linear combinations of observables, such as wide- lane (WL). Real-time kinematic positioning results from varying baseline lengths show that a significant reduction in between 14 and 47 % in the time to initial ambiguity resolution are achieved by correcting the WL observable using the new carrier-phase multipath error observable