Peningkatan Keragaman Genetik Purwoceng Melalui Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Dan Seleksi in Vitro

To improve new pruatjan genetic variations, the alternativetechnology should be applied. The objective of the research was to increasepruatjan genetic variation and tolerance to the high temperature throughinduced mutation and in vitro selection. The steps of this study were inducedmutation of embryogenic callus by gamma irradiation, in vitro selection, rootinduction of putative somaclones, genetic variation analysis by flowcytometer,and putative somaclones acclimatization. The dosages of gamma irradiationwere 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Krad. In vitro selection was conducted at threetemperatures (20, 25, and 30 0 C). The root induction was conducted in twosteps by using DKW or MS media containing of 3-6% sucrose withaddition of 0.5-1.5 ppm IBA or NAA. The result showed that embryogeniccalli could survive after treatment of the highest gamma irradiation dose. Ittends to increase the maturation of somatic embryos. During in vitroselection, embryogenic calli could grow at the highest temperature but thehighest callus proliferation and the number of somatic embryos wereobtained from 25 0 C. The somatic embryos survived and grew at the hightemperature are assumed as somaclones which considered as thecandidates of tolerant plants to high temperature that can be developed inthe of low altitude area. Among the regenerated somatic embryos, only the20 0 C-derived embryos were successfully form plantlets. The best mediumfor root induction was MS basal medium containing of 4% sucrosesupplemented with 1.5 ppm NAA. The ploidy analysis of somatic embryosleaf showed a tetraploid (4x) variant