International Conference of the Polish Society of Biomechanics (BIOMECHANICS 2012)

Creation of artificial organs and replacement of biological tissue and systems is one of the most vital problems of biomechanics. Various biomaterials, such as natural hydroxyapatite [1], nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite [2], titanium, Co-Cr-Mo and Ti-Al-V alloy [3], polyethylene [4], biocomposites with different hydroxyapatite-collagen ratios [5], hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone–chitosan composites [6], as well as many others, play an important role in the creation of artificial materials for replacing the bone tissue. In the present study, a procedure is described for obtaining natural hydroxyapatite (NHAp) from bone tissue of cattle. The results of experiments, performed by absorption method of infrared spectroscopy (IS), show that the protein was removed from the heat-treated specimens of bone tissue practically completely. The structure of bone tissue before and after deproteinization, and the structure of composite materials based on NHAp and bone cement (BC) (with different percentage) were investigated by the method of optical microscopy. The characteristics of mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus (initial modulus of elasticity) (Ε), ultimate tensile stress (σ*), ultimate tensile strain (ε*), ultimate compression stress (σ**), ultimate compression strain (ε**), ultimate stress by four-point banding (σ) for all materials were determined. The density (ρ) and porosity (η) of cattle bone tissue before and after deproteinization, and new composite materials were determined by water displacement. The results of this study were discussed