AbstractSmoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this reflects self-medication, recent studies suggest that smoking may be a risk factor for schizophrenia. We performed two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization using summary level genomewide association data from the Tobacco And Genetics Consortium and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Variants associated with smoking initiation and schizophrenia were combined using an inverse-variance weighted fixed-effects approach. We found evidence consistent with a causal effect of smoking initiation on schizophrenia risk (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.30–2.25, p < 0.001). However, after relaxing the p-value threshold to include variants from more than o...
The association between schizophrenia and tobacco smoking has been described in more than 1,000 arti...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to determine the association of smoking init...
We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to determine the association of smoking init...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compar...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
There has been emerging evidence of an association between tobacco smoking and schizophrenia spectru...
Abstract There has been emerging evidence of an association between tobacco smoking and schizophren...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
The association between schizophrenia and tobacco smoking has been described in more than 1,000 arti...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this ref...
We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to determine the association of smoking init...
We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study to determine the association of smoking init...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compar...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
[[abstract]]Cigarette smoking has been suggested to be associated with the risk of schizophrenia in ...
There has been emerging evidence of an association between tobacco smoking and schizophrenia spectru...
Abstract There has been emerging evidence of an association between tobacco smoking and schizophren...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
The association between schizophrenia and tobacco smoking has been described in more than 1,000 arti...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...
Background Smoking prevalence is higher amongst individuals with schizophrenia and depression compa...