Mycobacterial purified protein derivatives stimulate innate immunity: Malawians show enhanced tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-10 responses compared to those of adolescents in the United Kingdom.
- Weir, Rosemary E
- Black, Gillian F
- Dockrell, Hazel M
- Floyd, Sian
- Fine, Paul EM
- Chaguluka, Steven D
- Stenson, Sally
- King, Elizabeth
- Nazareth, Bernadette
- Warndorff, David K
- Ngwira, Bagrey
- Crampin, Amelia C
- Mwaungulu, Lorren
- Sichali, Lifted
- Jarman, Elizabeth
- Donovan, Linda
- Blackwell, Jenefer M
DOIAbstract
To investigate the role of innate immunity in variable efficacy of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination in Malawi and the United Kingdom, we examined 24-h tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-10 responses to mycobacterial purified protein derivatives (PPDs). The rank order in stimulatory potency for different PPDs was the same for all three cytokines. Before vaccination Malawians made higher pro- and anti-inflammatory responses than did United Kingdom subjects. Fewer than 5% of United Kingdom subjects made IL-10 in response to any PPD, compared to 19 to 57% responders among Malawians. Priming for regulatory IL-10 may contribute to the smaller increase in gamma interferon responses in Malawians compared to United ...
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