Formate modulated solvothermal synthesis of ZIF-8 investigated using time-resolved in situ X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy
- Cravillon, Janosch
- Schröder, Christian A.
- Bux, Helge
- Rothkirch, André
- Caro, Jürgen
- Wiebcke, Michael
DOIAbstract
Time-resolved investigations using in situ energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction in tandem with ex situscanning electron microscopy revealed that solvothermal crystallisation of ZIF-8 in methanol solvent and in the presence of sodium formate as a simple monodentate ligand (modulator) is a rapid process yielding big, high-quality single crystals in short time (<4 h). Kinetic analysis of crystallisation curves was performed by applying the Avrami–Erofe'ev and Gualtieri models. The analyses revealed that the weakly basic formate modulator acts as a base in deprotonation equilibria (deprotonation of the bridging 2-methylimidazole ligand) rather than as a competitive ligand in coordination equilibria at the metal (Zn2+) centres. This is in contras...
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