LNG transportation chain: an interpreted risk assessment from ship to end user

Due to the current policies from the European Union and Dutch government, LNG which used as fuel for heavy-duty vehicles is intensively increased. Consequently, the probabilities of accident during operations of LNG transportation are expected to increase. This thesis aims to study LNG hazards and assess the risks in LNG transportation chain. To do so, the processes and equipment which relate with LNG operation and transportation activities are studied. The chain are divided into three zone: unloading from ship to LNG import terminal, transporting by tanker truck/train, and loading to LNG filling station. The potential accident scenarios are selected and analyzed by literature review and LNG experts’ interviews. Cause-consequence analysis and Risk Assessment Matrix are used in order to identify the critical risks (high severity and high probability of occurrence). The results from both literature and interviews agree that ‘Collision of LNG tanker truck with the other vehicles while riding’ is the most critical scenario among all 61 accident scenarios thorough the whole chain. However, since the results are not only obtained from literature review, but also from derived from LNG stakeholders’ interviews; the interpretation of risk perceptions of LNG are reviewed. Since safety is only one value aspect, RAMSSHEEP model are introduced to examine that which inherent value is a truly drive the future of LNG transportationTechnology, Policy and ManagementValues Technology and Innovatio