Protection of possesion concerning easement enforcement with an overview of the case-law

Posestno varstvo predstavlja varovanje dejanske oblasti nad stvarjo, ne glede na način, s katerim je bila ta pridobljena. Kot temeljno obliko posestnega varstva poznamo sodno varstvo, ter samopomoč kot subsidiarno obliko posestnega varstva. Ko sodišče daje sodno varstvo mora upoštevati zadnje stanje posesti in nastalo motenje, samopomoč pa se načeloma lahko uporabi samo izjemoma pod zakonsko določenimi pogoji. Služnost predstavlja velik in neposreden poseg v lastninsko pravico, saj služnostnemu upravičencu daje pravico do uporabe ali izkoriščanja tuje stvari. Od lastnika služeče stvari sme zahtevati opustitev določenih dejanj, ki bi jih sicer kot lastnik imel pravico izvrševati. V tej zvezi velja izpostaviti, da lastnika služeče nepremičnine breme stvarne služnosti ne more obvezovati k nekemu dejanju. Služnostni upravičenec ima zraven posestnega varstva tudi pravico do petitorne tožbe, ki temelji na podlagi služnostne pravice. Govorimo o posebni tožbi, konfesorni tožbi, katero lahko naperi zoper vsako tretjo osebo oziroma lastnika služeče nepremičnine, kateri omejuje ali onemogoča izvrševanje služnosti. Praviloma pride v poštev, kadar posestno varstvo ni mogoče. Kljub navedenemu pa sodna praksa in teorija podpirata vzporedni tek posesornega in petitornega postopka.Protection of possession represents the protection of actual control over a thing, regardless of the way said control was obtained. The fundamental form of protection of possession is judicial protection with self-help being a subsidiary form of protection of possession. When the court is granting judicial protection, it must take into account the latest condition of the property and the trespass, while self-help can only be used exceptionally under conditions defined by the law. Easement represents a major and direct interference with the ownership right since it gives the dominant owner a right to use or exploit a foreign property. They can demand that the servient owner waives certain acts he would otherwise have the right to exercise as the legal owner. It is worth emphasizing that a real easement cannot bind the servient estate owner to a certain act. Besides protection of possession, the dominant owner has the right to file a petitory action based on an easement. This is a special action, actio confessoria, which can be filed against a third party or the servient estate owner who is restricting or denying easement enforcement. It is generally considered when protection of possession is not possible. Despite this, the case law and legal writing support parallel possessory and petitory processes