Attack as an element of self-defence

Kazniva dejanja so navedena v kazenskem zakoniku, s čimer so posredno varovane pravno zavarovane dobrine posameznika. V izjemnih primerih je posamezniku ob napadu nanje dovoljena samozaščita. Ta posamezniku omogoča, da se v pravno dovoljenih mejah, z lastno silo in dejanji brani, kadar gre za neposredni protipravni napad, ki ga ni moč odvrniti na kakšen drug način. Pod to spada tudi silobran, ki je najstarejši način, s katerim se izključi protipravnost dejanja. Silobran je po definiciji, ki izhaja iz kazenskega zakonika, tista obramba, ki je nujno potrebna, da storilec od sebe ali koga drugega odvrne istočasen protipraven napad. Silobran je sestavljen iz napada in obrambe. Za izključitev protipravnosti s silobranom morajo biti izpolnjeni določeni pogoji za napad, kakor tudi pogoji, ki so potrebni za obrambo. V diplomskem delu je predstavljen napad, ki je eden od elementov silobrana. Napad mora biti objektivno resničen, protipraven in istočasen z obrambo, saj drugače potrebni pogoji za silobran niso izpolnjeni. Ravnanje mora ustrezati kazenskopravnemu statusu ravnanja. Da lahko govorimo o napadu, mora biti dejanje usmerjeno zoper eno ali več pravno zavarovanih dobrin ali vrednosti. Dejansko stanje primera je potrebno natančno preučiti in dokazati posamezne elemente dejanja, da se lahko posameznik uspešno sklicuje na silobran. Teoretični del diplomskega dela je nadgrajen tudi s primeri iz sodne prakse iz Slovenije in tujine. Ta daje vpogled v kompleksnost samega instituta silobrana in pomembnosti natančnega preučevanja dejanskega stanja ob kazenskopravno relevantnem dogodku.Criminal offenses are defined in the criminal code, which indirectly protects the legally protected goods of an individual. In exceptional cases, self-protection during an attack is allowed to an individual. It allows the individual to defend himself within legally permissible limits, with his own force and actions, when it is a direct unlawful attack that cannot be deterred in any other way. This includes self-defence, which is the oldest way to exclude the unlawfulness of the act. By definition from criminal code, the self-defence is a defence that is inevitably needed to avert a simultaneous unlawful attack from himself or someone else. Self-defence consists of attack and defence. In order to exclude unlawfulness with self-defence, there must be fulfilled some specific conditions for attack as well as defence must be fulfilled. This thesis present attack, which is one of the elements of self-defence. The attack must be objectively real, unlawful and simultaneous with the defence otherwise necessary conditions for self-defence are not fulfilled. The action must correspond to the criminal law status of the action. To be able to talk about an attack, the act must be directed against one or more legally protected goods or values. All facts need to be carefully studied and demonstrated by the individual elements of the act, so that the individual can successfully enforce self-defence. The theoretical part of the thesis is also upgraded with examples from case-law from Slovenia and abroad. This gives an insight into the complexity of self-defence and the importance of a thorough examination of the facts at a criminal-relevant event