Police-Prosecution cooperation in pretrial proceedings

V diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na potek predkazenskega postopka in sodelovanje dveh najpomembnejših organov v tem postopku. Uspešen in temeljit predkazenski postopek je pogoj za začetek kazenskega postopka, ki lahko kot edini pripelje do uspešne obsodbe storilca kaznivega dejanja. V predkazenskem postopku sodelujejo trije organi, in sicer policija, državni tožilec in preiskovalni sodnik. Vodja samega predkazenskega postopka, ali »dominus litis«, je državni tožilec, ki usmerja in vodi delo policije. Pri vodenju predkazenskega postopka ima državni tožilec cilj, da se zbere zadostno število dokazov za uspešen začetek kazenskega postopka in pregon storilca. Policija je v večini primerov prva, ki pride na kraj kaznivega dejanja, zato je za nadaljnji potek predkazenskega in pozneje tudi kazenskega postopka zelo pomembno, da policija dobro opravi delo na kraju kaznivega dejanja in s tem zagotovi vse potrebne dokaze in podatke o kaznivem dejanju. Pravno podlago za delo policije in državnega tožilca predstavljata Zakon o kazenskem postopku (»Zakon o kazenskem postopku [ZKP]«, 1994) ter Uredba o sodelovanju državnega tožilstva, policije in drugih pristojnih organov in institucij pri odkrivanju in pregonu storilcev kaznivih dejanj ter delovanju specializiranih in skupnih preiskovalnih skupin (2010), ki sta temeljna dokumenta za sodelovanje policije in tožilstva v predkazenskem postopku. V ureditvi sodelovanja med policijo in državnim tožilstvom je še zmeraj precej nejasnosti, zato smo pregledali tudi trenutno ureditev s tega področja in morebitne možnosti za spremembe v prihodnje.In our diploma we focused on the course of pre-trial proceedings and cooperation between two of the most important state authorities of this proceeding. Successful and thorough pre-trial proceeding is a condition to begining trial proceedings, which is the only thing leading to a successful conviction of a perpetrator. In pre-trial proceedings there are three state authorities that cooperate: police, state prosecutor and investigating judge. The Leader of pre-trial proceedings, or “dominus litis”, is a state prosecutor, who leads and directs the work of the police. The main goal for a state prosecutor is, to gather enough evidence for a successful start of a trial and prosecution of the perpetrator. In most cases the police is the first to arrive to the crime scene, therefore it is very crucial for police to do a good job on a crime scene and to provide all the needed evidence and information regarding the crime, to further the course of pre-trial and trial. The legal basis for police and state prosecutors work are “Zakon o kazenskem postopku« (1994) and »Uredba o sodelovanju državnega tožilstva, policije in drugih pristojnih organov in institucij pri odkrivanju in pregonu storilcev kaznivih dejanj ter delovanju specializiranih in skupnih preiskovalnih skupin« (2010), which are basic documents for cooperation between the police and state prosecutor in pre-trial proceedings. There is still some ambiguity regarding regulation in cooperation betwen the police and state prosecutors, that is why we took a look into current regulation from that area and possibilities for changes in the future