A dose escalation study in sheep of the effects of the benzodiazepine CNS 7056 on sedation, the EEG and the respiratory and cardiovascular systems

Background and purposeCNS 7056 is a new, rapidly metabolized benzodiazepine. The effects of escalating doses of CNS 7056 on sedation, and respiratory and cardiovascular function, were examined in conscious, chronically instrumented sheep for the first time.Experimental approachThree sheep were given doses of CNS 7056 (0, 0.037, 0.074, 0.18, 0.37, 0.74, 2.21, 4.41 and 8.82 mg kg(-1)) as 2 min intravenous infusions in order on consecutive days. A range of physiological variables, including the EEG, were measured.Key resultsSheep became transiently drowsy for the lowest (0.037 and 0.074 mg kg(-1)) doses of CNS 7056, whereas the highest (8.82 mg kg(-1)) dose produced profound loss of consciousness (LOC) for over 30 min. The EEG alpha power correlated well (r=0.91) with duration of LOC and had a high signal-to-noise ratio. CNS 7056 reduced respiratory rate (maximum 33%) and dose-dependently increased arterial carbon dioxide tension (maximum 12%). There was a transient, dose-related reduction in arterial oxygen tension (maximum 34%), but haemoglobin desaturation was minimal (maximum 4%). CNS 7056 produced a dose-related transient drop in mean arterial blood pressure (maximum 12%) but cardiac output was unchanged.Conclusions and implicationsDoses of 0.37-2.21 mg kg(-1) of CNS 7056 produced sedation for 9-25 min without excessive respiratory or cardiovascular depression, and would be suitable for pharmacokinetic studies. The power in the alpha band of the EEG can be used as a continuous measure of the sedative effects of CNS 7056.R.N. Upton, A.M. Martinez and C. Gran