ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY OF COMMON BEAN CULTIVARS WITH CARIOCA GRAIN TYPE USED IN BRAZIL

INTRODUCTION In Brazil beans are of great economic and social importance, as it is cultivated by small and large producers in all Brazilian regions. Diversified production systems and sowing times are used, therefore, the crop is subject to the most diverse environmental conditions. The presence of the interaction genotypes x environments hinders the work of the breeders, as it results in the variable behavior of the genotypes on the different environments, making selection difficult, especially for quantitative characteristics (CARGNIN et al., 2006). Several studies have reported that G x E interactions can be reduced using either specific cultivars in particular environments or cultivars with wide adaptability and stability (RAMALHO et al., 2012). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of G x E interaction on grain yield of common bean cultivars with carioca grain type. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty common bean cultivars belonging to the carioca commercial group were used. All cultivars come from breeding programs of public or private institutions from Brazil, and indicated for cultivation in the state of Paraná. The trials were established in four environments in the state of Paraná- BR, two in the 2014/2015 rainy season, in Ponta Grossa and Guarapuava, and two in the dry season of 2015, in Ponta Grossa and Santa Tereza do Oeste. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replicates and plots consisting of four rows of 4 meters spaced 0.5 m, with a population of 12 plants per linear meter, considering the two central lines as a useful plot. The grain yield was obtained by weighing grams of the two central rows of the plot, adjusted to 13% of humidity and extrapolated to kg/ha. The results were submitted to analysis of individual variance of each environment and the test of homogeneity of error variance, followed by analysis of joint variance, considering the effects of genotype and environment as fixed. For the study of adaptability and stability, the methodology proposed by EBERHART & RUSSELL (1966) was used. All analyzes were processed in the Genes software (CRUZ, 2013)