Studies on Vascularization of Blood Vessels of the Oral Mucosa with Special Reference to Those of the Injured Gingiva

One hundred and fifty-nine normal premature dogs weighing about 1.5 to 3.0 kg., fed under the same conditions were used. Incision, contused wounds and cauterization were made over the oral mucosa by means of incision knife, curet, and electric cautery. Then the progress of the vascularization of blood vessels in each of these wounds was observed during the period of 14 days immediately after making the wounds. After being treated with Imagawa's Guttapercha Infusion Method, small pieces of tissue were taken these wounds 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, and 14 days after making the wounds, and transparent specimens were prepared from these pieces for the steroscopie observations of the changes of blood vessels with a binocular microscope, while a part of these tissues was stained with haematoxylin-eosin by the routine paraffin method for histological obrervation. The results obtained are as follows: a) The fundamental principle of the vascularization in the process of wound healing of the buccal, lingual and gingival mucosae, was quite same regardless of the kind of wounds. b) The vascularization of injured regions was most rapid on the lingual mucosa in all cases of the wound, being followed by that on the gingival and on the cheek in the order. c) Disintegration of capillary networks due to successive degeneration in the early stage was most remarkably noticed in the case of cauterization and was decreased in the case of contusion and incision in the order and thus the regeneration was delayed. d) The vascularization of injured regions of the gingiva was progressively affected by the alveolar bone and the blood vessels of the periodontium at the alveolar margin and it also played the most important role in the blood supply for the gingiva. e) In the cases of contusion and cauterization the vascularization of the gingiva showed a marked difference in their rate according to the injured regions. The vascularization had the following five variations in its type: ellipse, triangle, inverted triangle, trapezoid and deepening or atrophy of gingival margin, showin a regularly definite pattern in each wound in its healing process. f) In the case of gingival detaching its margin showed a recovery up to the preoperative level and no formation of deep gingival pocket could be noticed. A tendency of regeneration of alveolar bone and re-attachment of epithelium to the cementum was seen on the fourteenth day and the periodontal capillaries played a very important part in vascularization of blood vessles of the gingival margin. g) The results from the experiments of the influence of Parotin on the regeneration of blood vessels could be summarized as follows: i) Vascularization of the injured region was most rapid in case of Parotin injection in normal premature dogs, being followed by the control cases and the cases of Parotin injection and removal of parotid gland. Vascularization was remarkably delayed in case of removal of parotid glands. ii) Injectione of one mg./Kg. of Parotin stimulated progrssively the vascularization of supporting structures of the teeth and the scar formation histologically