Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Melinjo (Gnetum Gnemon L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Streptococcus Mutans

UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN MELINJO (Gnetum gnemon L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans The Natalia C Taroreh1), Jimmy F.Rumampuk1), Krista Veronica Siagian 1) 1) Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran UNSRAT Manado, 95115 ABSTRACT Caries is the oral health problems most often occur in Indonesia, which is caused by several factors: the hosts, the substrate, microorganisms, and time. One of the leading causes of bacterial caries is Streptococcus mutans. Several studies of various types of herbs have been made to control the growth of harmful bacteria in the oral cavity. Plants in Indonesia is often used as a herbal plant material that leaves melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L) because melinjo leaves contain active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and tannins that have the antibacterial effectivity. This study was aimed to explore the antibacterial effectivity extract of melinjo leaves against Streptococcus mutans. This study is an experimental research laboratory, with the design of post-test only control group design. This study is experimental with Kirby-bauer method using filter paper. Melinjo leaf samples were extracted by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Streptococcus mutans is a bacterium pure stock of F.MIPA Microbiology Laboratory of Pharmacy University of Sam Ratulangi.The results showed melinjo leaf extract (Gnetum gnemon L.) has antibacterial effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans and inhibition zone formed by 10.6 mm. Keywords: leaves melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L), Streptococcus mutans, inhibition zone ABSTRAK Karies merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia, yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu host, substrat, mikroorganisme, dan waktu. Salah satu bakteri penyebab utama timbulnya karies yaitu Streptococcus mutans. Beberapa penelitian tentang berbagai jenis tumbuhan herbal telah dilakukan untuk mengendalikan pertumbuhan bakteri-bakteri yang merugikan di dalam rongga mulut. Tanaman di Indonesia yang sering digunakan sebagai bahan tumbuhan herbal yaitu daun melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L) karena daun melinjo memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, steroid, dan tanin yang mempunyai efek antibakteri