Pengaruh Mutagen Etil Metan Sulfonat (Ems) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kultur in Vitro Iles-iles {Amorphophallus Muelleri Blume) [Effects of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate {Ems} on Growth of I Iies-lies (Amorphophallus Muelleri Blume) in Vitro Cultures]

Amorphophallus muelleri Blume (Araceae) is one of 27 Amorphophallus species occur wild in Indonesia (Sumatera, Java, Floresand Timor). The species is valued for its glucoman content for use in food industry (heathy diet food), paper industry, pharmacyand cosmetics. The cultivation of A. muelleri is hampered by limited genetic quality of seed. The species is triploid (2n=3x=39),the seed is developed apomictically. and pollen production is low. The species is only propagated vegetatively. This may explainthat the species is difficult to breed conventionally and genetic variabillity in the exiting landaraces cultivars is rather limited.Induced mutation using ethyl methan sulfonate is one of techniques to increase genetic variation. The present research is aimed todetermine Lethal Dosage (LD) 50% and 75% of EMS and to study effects of EMS on growth of A, muelleri in vitro cultures for usein induced mutation program. Results of the experiment showed that LD-50 and LD-75 was observed at 0.875% EMS and 0.5%EMS. respectively. Number of shoot, and percentage of rooting culture were decreasing as EMS level concentration increases