Linking organisational citizenship behaviour with organisational effectiveness

Organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB) refers to a general set of behaviours exhibited by employees that are helpful, discretionary, and beyond normal job requirements. Researchers have suggested that high levels of OCB may lead to organisational effectiveness. OCB constructs may generally be organised into seven common themes or dimensions, namely helping behaviour, sportsmanship, organisational loyalty, organisational compliance, individual initiative, civic virtue, and self-development. There are several ways in which OCB may increase organisational performance. Among others, this includes enhancing coworker and managerial productivity, freeing up resources for more productive purpose, devoting less resources to purely maintenance functions, helping to coordinate the activities both within and across work groups, strengthening the organisation's ability to attract and retain the best employees, increasing the stability of the organisation's performance, and enabling the organisation to more effectively adapt to environmental changes.Empirical evidence has shown that OCB positively enhances organisational and group performance