Lagrangian and spectral analysis of the forced flow past a circular cylinder using pulsed tangential jets

We numerically investigate the influence of pulsed tangential jets on the flow past a circular cylinder. To this end a spectral-Lagrangian dual approach is completed on the basis of time-series data. The analysis reveals that the flow response to unsteady for- cing is driven by strong interactions between shear layers and pulsed jets. The latter preferentially lead to either the lock-on regime or the quasi-steady vortex feeding regime whether the excitation frequency is of the order of, or significantly greater than the fre- quency of the natural instability. The intensity of the wake vortices is mainly influenced by the momentum coefficient through the introduction of opposite-sign vorticity in the shear layers. This feature is emphasized using a modal-based time reconstruction, i.e. by reconstructing the flow field upon a specific harmonic spectrum associated with a charac- teristic time-scale. The quasi-steady regime exhibits small-scale counter-rotating vortices that circumscribe the separated region. In the lock-on regime, atypical wake patterns as 2P or P+S can be observed, depending on the forcing frequency and the momentum coefficient, highlighting remarkable analogies with oscillating cylinders