Potenziale, Kosten und Emissionen entlang des Technologiepfades der Biogaseinspeisung : regionale Bilanzierung unter Anwendung einer GIS-Applikation

Spatial analyses are the core functionality of geoinformation systems. Therefore, calculating regionalized potentials, ecological and economic balances using geoinformation technologies is an obvious application that has not yet been realised. With this project, the functioning is demonstrated in an exemplary manner by the example of the technology path of biogas feed. The selected technology path is suitable for technical and methodical demonstrations from the geoinformation perspective, as all classes of geographical objects and data formats must be used and can be practically applied for the GIS application. Extensive information on the agricultural cultivation, punctiform information on livestock breeding and plant locations are combined with each other via linear structures of substrate transport. Vector and grid data has been used for modelling. To facilitate balancing, the necessary factual data and algorithms have been integrated into GIS using scripts and database combinations.The default GIS application facilitates the system-specific determination of actually available biomass potentials for biogas feed. At the same time, biomethane costs associated with the varying high potentials are determined and the ecological balancing of the impact categories of greenhouse gas, acidification and eutrophication potential is carried out. The results show that the assumptions for surface availability are the most important factor in determining the extent and spatial distribution of the biomethane potential. The quantitative recording of regional surface availability to produce biogas substrates takes place in several steps by using selected secondary literature data available across Germany. The focus of this thesis was on providing sustainable and economically accessible biomass for biomethane production. With the BMU pilot study, the RAUMIS agriculture sector model and other environment-friendly assumptions, the appropriate framework conditions were selected to be able to illustrate the objectives according to the requirements. In contrast to other biomass-related potential studies, which can obtain spatial statements only via administrative structures, the GIS analyses makes it possible to identify the contributions to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and resulting prevention costs of a certain plant, including the substrate of areas under culti-vation and livestock breeding sites used in the catchment area. This functionality can be used simultaneously for various spaces so that a variety of systems and these entire regions can be analysed at once.The applied method can be extended to other forms of bioenergy or to products which are not from the bioenergy sector, especially if the raw materials used show a spatial reference and this varies on a small scale. The fundamental work for other applications has been laid with this dissertation