Original Article Identification and analysis of type II TGF-b receptors in BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells

Our previous studies have demonstrated that bone mor-phogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9) is one of the most effica-cious BMPs to induce osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the molecular mechanism underlying the BMP-9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs remains to be fully elucidated. In this study, dominant negative (DN) type II TGF-b recep-tors were constructed and introduced into C3H10T1/2 stem cells, then in vitro and in vivo assays were carried out to analyze and identify the type II TGF-b receptors required for BMP-9-induced osteogenesis. We found tha