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much more limited in scope than these two, is introduced in response to the needs of the increasing numbers of students who have an in-terest in seminal books in the field. 1. Aron, Raymond. The Century of Total War. Boston: Beacon, 1955. In this historial analysis of war in the 20th century, Aron discusses the immediate and remote causes of war and the element of tech~cal surprise. In the 20th century, the battle, not causes, constitutes the major feature and ·produces the most far-reaching consequences. A distinction is made between total war and general war. Total war is an extension of a national war which is "fought by the people as a whole, with the future of the collective society or its ideals at stake. " Total war supports the existence of the totalitarian state. One can conceive of a society liv-ing in one way in time of peace and another in war time, but this depends on war and peace being two distinctly separate states. This lack of differentiation forces democracies to assume a stance of permanent mobilization. 2. Bainton, Roland H. Christian Attitudes Toward War and Peace. Abingdon Press: New York, 1960. Bainton discusses three attitudes on war which emerged in chronological order: the pacifist attitude, the just war, and the crusades. As a backdrop for the Christian attitudes, he evaluates the classical values of peace as an ideal and the origins of the just war. He also discusses New Testament passages that have been used to justify and/or condemn; Early Church pacifism; and the development to modern time. This well documented work provides a good overview of the historical progression of attitudes toward and justifications for war