Anti-Obesity and Antihyperglycemic Effects of Crataegus aronia Extracts: In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluations

Copyright © 2013 Entisar K. Al-Hallaq et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Li-cense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Hypocholesterolemic activity of Crataegus aronia L. (Rosaceae) is therapeutically praised. Its potent antiobesity (P < 0.001, n = 6- 8) as well as marked triacylglycerol-reducing efficacies (P < 0.001, n = 6- 8) in 10 weeks-high choles-terol diet (HCD) fed rats are demonstrated. Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PL), α-amylase and α-glucosidase are an interesting pharmacological target for the management of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, diabetes and obesity. Compara-ble to acarbose, acute starch induced postprandial hyperglycaemia as well glycemic excursions in normoglycemic over-night fasting rats was highly significantly (P < 0.001) dampened by C. aronia 100, 200 and 400 mg/Kg b.wt aqueous extracts (AE), but not acute glucose evoked postprandial hyperglycaemia increments, unlike diabetes pharmacothera-peutics metformin and glipizide. C. aronia aerial parts as well as fruits AEs (0.1- 10 mg/mL) were identified as in vitro dual inhibitors of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with respective IC50 (mg/mL) of 2.1 ± 0.3 and 3.5 ± 0.7. Still, it lacked on in vitro hindrance of glucose movement, dissimilar to guar gum. Equivalent to orlistat (PL IC50 of 0.1 ± 0.0 μg/mL), C. aronia tested AEs and its purified bioactive phytoconstituents; quercetin and rutin, inhibited highly substantially in a dose dependent trend PL in vitro (n = 3), in an ascending order of obtained PL-IC50 (µg/mL): quercetin; 30.1 ± 2.8, rutin