Genetic variability and pedigree analysis of common bean 283 Scientia Agricola, v.60, n.2, p.283-290, Abr./Jun. 2003 GENETIC VARIABILITY AND PEDIGREE ANALYSIS OF BRAZILIAN COMMON BEAN ELITE GENOTYPES

ABSTRACT: Genetic diversity is essential for any breeding program. However, breeders tend to concentrate on specific genotypes, which combine traits of interest and may be used as progenitors in several breeding programs. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding programs are not different in this sense. In this study, the genetic diversity of 21 common bean elite lines from the Bean Regional Trials conducted by the Embrapa Rice and Bean Research Center was evaluated using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and pedigree analyses. Based on genetic dissimilarity, three groups were defined: group I- lines 1, 9 and 10, with low genetic distances among them (0.00 to 0.06), originated from 11 Mesoamerican parents; group II- 17 lines with genetic distances ranging from 0.03 to 0.33, originated from 50 parents (mostly Mesoamerican); and group III- line 21 (PR 93201472), which parents are the Andean cultivar Pompadour and the cultivar Irai (unknown origin). The genetic distances between line 21 and the lines of the other two groups varied from 0.68 to 0.93. Pedigree analyses demonstrated that cultivars Carioca, Cornell 49-242, Jamapa, Tlalnepantla 64, Tara and Veranic 2, all of Mesoamerican origin, were the most widely used parents for developing lines present in group II