DESCRIPTORS

This report provides data on standard and non-standard African language varieties occurring in urban areas of South Africa, drawn from nine smaller reports. It illustrates the language use patterns in black urban communities and describes the language varieties spoken ir.them. It was foun impact cf non-standard varieties on the use of standard African languages is reflected clearly in their grammatical systems. Main sources 'of influence are the European languages of daily contact. Grammatical adaptation of the standard African languages, in the form of lexical adoption from foreign languages, is a major focus of the report. Implications of the study's results for African language planning and for education are discussed. Chapters address these topics: research origins, background, and methodology; theoretical bases in research on sociolinguistics, multilingualism, language change, linguistic borrowing, language variation, and language use within a speec