CLINICOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATIONS Cardiac Malformations Associated with Down's Syndrome

A review of 55 specimens with congenital heart disease from subjects with Down's syndrome (Mongolism) showed a variety of malformations. For each case a major anomaly was identi-fied and, when present, additional anomalies were recorded. The three leading types of major anomalies, in order of decreasing frequency, were (1) per-sistent common atrioventricular canal (60%), isolated ventricular septal defect (29%), and tetralogy of Fallot either alone or in association with persistent common atrioventricular canal (14.5%). Of the additional anomalies, the most common took the form either of an atrial septal defect at the fossa ovalis (50%) or patent ductus arteriosus (47%). Additional Indexing Words: Mongolism Persistent common atrioventricular canal Ventricular septal defect I T IS RECOGNIZED that Down's syndrome mations was (Mongolism) is commonly associated with features of 1 congenital heart disease. Figures based upon atrioventricul extensive series indicate that in about one half of Neufeld an