Rosenqvist M. Digoxin in atrial fibrillation: report from the Stockholm Cohort study of Atrial Fibrillation (SCAF). Heart 2010;96:275–280

Background Recent studies of patients with heart failure and of patients receiving intensive care indicate that digoxin may increase mortality if the patient has atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective To study which patients receive digoxin treatment for AF and what the prognosis is for patients given this treatment. Method 2824 patients with AF were studied prospectively for a mean of 4.6 years. Information about medication was obtained from the local hospital registry. Information about diagnoses, hospitalisations and deaths was obtained from national registries. Propensity score matching and Cox regression was used to account for confounding. Results Factors associated with digoxin use were permanent AF (hazard ratio (HR) 3.2, confidenc