Discovery of novel flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) single nucleotide polymorphisms and functional analysis of upstream haplotype variants

The flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are important for xenobiotic metabolism. FMO3, the predominant FMO en-zyme in human adult liver, exhibits significant interindividual variation that is poorly understood. This study was designed to identify common FMO3 genetic variants and determine their potential for contributing to interindividual differences in FMO3 expression. FMO3 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dis-covery was accomplished by resequencing DNA samples from the Coriell Polymorphism Discovery Resource. Population-spe-cific SNP frequencies were determined by multiplexed, single-base extension using DNA from 201 Hispanic American (Mex-ican descent), 201 African American, and 200 White (northern European descent) subjects. Haplotypes were inferred and population frequencies estimated using PHASE version 2.1