2009: Ocean heat transport in Simple Ocean Data Assimilation: Structure and mechanisms

[1] The trend and variability of global ocean heat transport for the period 1958–2004 are investigated using the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) analysis. The ocean model is forced with the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA-40 atmospheric reanalysis winds from 1958 to 2001 and with QuikSCATwinds from 2002 to 2004. The assimilation is based on a sequential estimation algorithm, with observations from the historical archive of hydrographic profiles supplemented by ship intake measurements, moored hydrographic observations and remotely sensed sea surface temperature. Heat transport is calculated using temperature and velocity from the ocean analysis. Mean heat transport from the analysis generally agrees with previously published estimates from observational and modeling studies. Trends of heat transport show a range of behaviors. In the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans there is mostly increasing poleward heat transport with two important exceptions. In the Atlantic Ocean there is decreasing heat transport around 50N and 60N, and in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans there is decreasing heat transport near 10S. There is also prominent interannual and decadal variability in all of the ocean basins. The results suggest that ocean heat transpor