The Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Polymorphisms on Clinical and Histopathology Features of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Abstract: Background: Nasopharyngeal malignancy is the first most common malignancy amongst in ear, nose and throat. Incidence rate was 4.7 per 100.000 or 7.000-8.000 cases per year and most of carcinoma is arising from the epithelial cells. Objective: To analyze the VEGF gene variations at +405 C/G and-460 T/C with VEGFR (Flt-4) and LMP-1 tissues expression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out with explorative approached at several teaching hospitals in Makassar by Hasanuddin University Research Centre and Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology on a one-year period, from July 2006 through August 2007. The analysis covered from 90 samples of blood and 45 samples of nasopharynx tissue, consisting of 45 patients for both of the NPC and without NPC as a control. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and analyzed by PCR and direct DNA sequencing method for identifying the location of VEGF gene mutation and immunohistochemical expression of VEGFR (Flt-4) and LMP-1 were performed in 45 NPC biopsy samples with avidin-biotin method. Results: The frequencies of +405 C/G and-460 T/C were about 50%, with higher in +405 C/G (hot spot), mostly genotype variant was heterozygote (CG). Our results confirmed that untranslated and promoter region of VEGF gene were higher polymorphic. GC and CC haplotype at +405 C/G and-460 T/C of VEGF gene more susceptible to NPC compared with CT haplotype but no statistical significant. Conclusion: There were no relationships between genotype distribution an