Dark-state Color Shift and Gray Scale Inversion in an In-plane Switching Liquid Crystal Display Device

Off-axis color shift in the dark state and gray scale inversion in an in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display (LCD) device were investigated. Analyses were performed using the Poincaré sphere representation. The results show that color shift in the dark state and gray scale inversion in an IPS LCD can be reduced by using a biaxial film. We confirmed the extent of these improvements by measuring the optical performance of a fabricated IPS LCD