Developing Independent Learners: Strategies and Tactics for Mastery of Text

Intended to make teachers awara of various tactics that will move students toward strategies for independent learning, this paper describes several work-study skills, which--once mastered--can be integrated into the set of tactics the life-long learner might use in his or her independent mastery of text and lecture. The first part of the paper deals with improving textbook study with questioning tactics and presents questioning strategies based on two premises: (1) that questioning strategies can be used to increase students ' awareness of the characteristics of expository and narrative text, and (2) that questioning is most helpful when students frame their own questions. The second section presents 14 guidelines for improving study through notetaking tactics, while the third section presents guidelines for using graphic organizers, specifically, various kinds of mapping. The fourth section explore