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This study examined anxiety as a mediator on the relation between exposure to violence and victimization mediated by gender. The sample consisted of 1,311 seventh graders attending 8 middle schools in a small southern city. Gender was found to be a significant moderator for the relation of exposure to violence and victimization; therefore, subsequent analyses were conducted separately for males and females. Differences were noted on measures of anxiety, exposure to violence, and victimization, with males reporting more exposure to violence and victimization, but less anxiety for females. For both males and females, anxiety was found to be a partial mediator for the relation of exposure to violence and victimization. Implications of these findings are discussed. (Contains 5 tables and 47 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Anxiety as a Mediating Effect