Barriers to Robust and Effective Human-Agent Teamwork

Building a robust and effective human-agent team is diffi-cult, as teams can fail for many reasons. In this study, we investigated the performance of human-agent teams with divisional and functional team structure under different lev-el of task load uncertainty. Divisional teams show robust-ness against uncertainly but can lead to poorer performance. Three reasons related to team coordination were identified for the poor performance, namely duplicate work, underuti-lization of resources and infrequent communication. We proposed a conceptual model to explain the mechanism of team coordination. In future studies, we hope to quantify this team coordination model, connect it with team perfor-mance, and test the effect of different solutions using the model