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Perfusão cerebral retrógrada e anterógrada no tratamento cirúrgico de dissecção aguda da aorta ascendente Cerebral retrograde perfusion alternating with carotid artery anterograde perfusion in the surgical treatment of acute dissection of ascending aorta dissection The authors report an original case using cerebral retrograde perfusion alternating with carotid artery anterograde perfusion, during the surgical treatment of acute ascending aorta dissection. The patient was discharged on the 32nd post-operative day in a clinically controlled condition. The Mini Mental State Examination was applied after 30 days and showed normal cerebral cognitive activity. The authors believe that this method can give a protective effect to the brain during procedures involving aortic dissection or aneurysms, after evaluating its use after a significant series of cases. Descriptors: Aortic aneurysm. Brain injuries. Cardiac surgical procedures. Perfusion, methods. Cerebrovascula