Article DNA damage in human lymphocytes exposed to four food additives in vitro

In vitro genotoxic effects of antioxidant additives, such as citric acid (CA) and phosphoric acid (PA) and their combination, as well as antimicrobial additives, such as benzoic acid (BA) and calcium propionate (CP), on human lymphocytes were determined using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis. There was a significant increase in the DNA damage in human lymphocytes after 1 h of in vitro exposure to CA, PA, BA and CP (200, 25–200, 50–500, 50–1000 mg/mL, respectively). The combination of CA and PA significantly increased the mean tail intensity at all the concentrations used (25–200 mg/mL) and significantly increased the mean tail length mainly after higher concentrations (100 and 200 mg/mL). Data in this study showed that the concentra-tions of food additives used induce DNA damage and PA was the most genotoxic and CA was less genotoxic additives among them