OPEN JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS On the Nature of Time, Entropy, Gravity and the Universe

In this paper, an outline of an alternative to standard ΛCDM theories is presented. Specifically, in contrast to an initial singularity, an initial energy continuum in an infinite number of dimensions is assumed. In response to a dimensional catastrophe, a subset of the energy continuum was confined to three spatial dimensions thereby initiating dimensional boundary conditions leading to the gradual quantization of phase space. It is then proposed that this initial quantization of phase space led to the Second Law of Thermodynamics and the statistical flow of time. In addition, the appearance of fundamental quantities such as mass (and, hence, gravity), charge and spin can then be explained as a natural consequence of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Keywords