Development IDENTIFIERS Bay Mills Indian Reservation MI; Michigan; Paternal

Seventeen Ojibwa families were examined to identify: (1) the relationship between quantity and quality of father involvement in childrearing and children's academic and social school performance; and (2) antecedents to father's participation. The sample from Bay Mills Reservation in Michi '1, was comprised of families containing 2 adults and a child age 3, 11. Data collection included parent interviews containing one question about the quantity of time the father was primary caregiver, chosen because of its high correlation to overall scores on Radin's Paternal Involvement in Child Care Index. A shortened Parent Perception Inventory was used to assess quality of care, or nurturance. Children's academic functioning was measured with grades and teacher evaluations. Teachers also completed a Child Behavior Check List to identify overall social adjustment and rated social competence on adaptiv