Criminal justice policy innovation in the states

The early 1990s saw a flurry of activity in criminal justice legislation on both the state and federal levels. By January of 1993, pollsters found that crime had overtaken eco-nomic issues as the country’smost important problem.During this time, four criminal justice policy innovations became popular with both state and federal officials: “Truth-in-Sentencing ” laws, “Three-Strikes-You’re-Out ” laws, “boot camps ” for convicted offenders, and juvenile court transfer provisions. This study attempts to determine what factors influenced states’adoptions of these innovations. It finds that states’crime rates were positively correlated with adoption of the measures, but other objective state factors, such as sentence length, were not. Strained state resources did not deter legislatures from enacting these policies. Voter ideology and political cul-ture had less than expected impact. The study concludes that political entrepreneurs, rather than state characteristics, were responsible for adoption